PRESIDENT FOR DIFFICULT TIMES: PSYCHO-SOCIAL ANALYSES
1
Wydział Psychologii Uniwersytetu SWPS
Publication date: 2019-12-21
Studia Politologiczne 2016;42
KEYWORDS
fundamental attribution errorcompetencespower and achievementmotivesopennessmetamorphic effects of power
ABSTRACT
This article presents the results of studies – conducted in various countries
around the world, including Poland – on the cognitive, personality, and social
characteristics of a president that differentiate the effects of a presidency and
how their office is exercised. The types of changes that presidents undergo while
in the process of exercising their authority (i.e. the so-called metamorphic effects of
power) and the mechanisms of those changes are also shown, along with the factors
that determine the magnitude and speed at which those mechanisms operate.
The author provides evidence for the complexity of how presidential style and
execution are conditioned, and warns against committing the so-called fundamental
attribution error, i.e. overestimating the role of personality in regulating the behavior
of politicians. Interdisciplinary studies indicate that a president’s effectiveness
is significantly ameliorated first and foremost by their openness. The weight of
a president’s psychological characteristics increases in difficult situations, while the
strength and extent of power’s metamorphic effects are dependent on the certainty
and stability of their position in the power structure and its transparency.
PEER REVIEW INFORMATION
Article has been screened for originality
REFERENCES (22)
1.
Abele A., Wojciszke B., Agency and communion from the perspective of sels versus others, „Journal of Personality and Social Psychology” 2007, no 93. Constantini E., Valenty L., The motive-ideology connection among political party activists, „Political Psychology” 1996, no 3.
2.
Fast N., Chen S., When the boss feels inadequate. Power, incompetence, and aggression, „Psychological Science” 2009, nr 20.
5.
Hermann M., Preston J., Presidents, advisers and foreign policy: The effects of leadership style on executive arrangements, „Political Psychology” 1994, no 15.
6.
Karwat M., Stereotypowa personifikacja polityki, „Studia Polityczne” 1996, vol. 5.
7.
Kinder D., Presidential character revisited, [w:] R. Lau, D. Sears (eds.), Political cognition, Hillsdale, New Jersey 1986.
10.
Maner J.K., Gailliot M., Butz D., Peruce B., Power, risk, and status quo: Does power promote riskier or more conservative decision making? „Journal of Experimental Social Psychology” 2007, nr 33.
11.
Mika S., Kilka refleksji na temat potrzeby władzy, [w:] I. Kurcz, D. Kądzielowa (red.), Psychologia czynności. Nowe perspektywy, Warszawa 2002.
12.
Radkiewicz P., Skarżyńska K., Hamer K., How is the perception of people in general related to negativistic beliefs about he social world? A look from the Big Two, „Social Psychology” 2013, no 2.
13.
Rosenberg Sh., Ward D., Chilton S., Political reasoning and cognition, Duke University 1989.
14.
Rubenzer S., Faschinghauer T., Ones D., Assessing the U.S. presidents using the revised NEO Personality Inventory, „Assessing” 2000, nr 7.
16.
Skarżyńska K., Człowiek a polityka. Zarys psychologii politycznej, Warszawa 2005.
17.
Skarżyńska K., Jakubowska U., Przekonania i zachowania polityczne w świetle teorii czynności, [w:] I. Kurcz, D. Kądzielowa (red.), Psychologia czynności. Nowe perspektywy, Warszawa 2002.
18.
Skarżyńska K., Podobieństwo poglądów, czy osobowość kandydata na prezydenta: Motywy decyzji wyborczych najmłodszych wyborców, „Kultura i Społeczeństwo” 1997, nr 4.
19.
Skarżyńska K., Polityka i politycy w świadomości potocznej: wyobrażenia ról oraz pożądanych cech polityków, „Studia Politologiczne” 1996, vol. 1.
20.
Smith E., Powers A., Suarez G., If Bill Clinton were a woman: The effectiveness of male and female politicians’ account strategies following alleged transgressions, „Political Psychology” 2005, no 26.
21.
Winter D., Osobowość a zachowania polityczne, [w:] D. Sears, L. Buddy, R. Jervis (red.), Psychologia polityczna, Kraków 2008.
22.
Wojciszke B., Sprawczość i wspólnotowość. Podstawowe wymiary spostrzegania społecznego, Warszawa 2010.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| ISSN: | 1640-8888 |
Czasopismo naukowe «Studia Politologiczne» uzyskało dofinansowanie z Ministerstwa Edukacji i Nauki w ramach programu „Rozwój Czasopism Naukowych” (projekt numer RCN/SN/0713/2021/1). Wysokość otrzymanego dofinansowania wynosi 79 607 zł. Celem projektu jest realizacja działań zmierzających do podniesienia poziomu praktyk wydawniczych i edytorskich, zwiększenia wpływu Czasopisma na rozwój nauki oraz dalszego zwiększania prestiżu Czasopisma w międzynarodowym obiegu naukowym. Okres realizacji projektu wynosi 24 miesiące.
© 2006-2024 Journal hosting platform by Bentus
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
