In his article the author deals with main principles of Jürgen Habermas theory of communicative action and – developed mainly on the grounds of mentioned theory – his conception of deliberative politics, being a component of discourse theory created by the German philosopher. Within discourse theory, Habermas formed the model of ‘ideal speech situation’, within which participants of social communication processes – satisfying demands of ‘rational’ (according to Habermas) communication, are able to exert influence on decisive processes on the national level. The concept of deliberative politics is a main part of deliberative democracy – more heterogeneous conception, being developed by various authors since 80s last century and regarded nowadays as inspiring source of solutions (also in practical aspects) for correcting the inadequacies of narrowly proceduralist, representative democracy.