In May 2017 two new federal laws, which broadened territorial opportunities of realization of an active electoral right, were adopted in the Russian Federation. However, these laws did not solve completely the problem of the territorial serfdom of the voters, because a significant number of Russians who are not living where they are registered do not possess an active electoral right in the territory of their factual living. Many of them do not also have any opportunity to participate in regional and municipal elections in the registration place of residence because of its remoteness from the place of their factual living. As a result, a real contradiction between the constitutional guarantees of the right of Russian citizens to elect their representatives to the public authorities and the impossibility of its implementation for many of them in connection with the existing electoral qualification of residence has arisen. This problem is stated and investigated, and some possible ways of its solution are considered in the article.