Civil Society in the Crosshairs
1
Faculty of Humanities and
Social Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Studies. University of
Pécs (Hungary)
2
Faculty of
Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Political Science and International
Studies. University of Pécs (Hungary)
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Studia Politologiczne 2023;70
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
As a result of permanent crises, changing political circumstances, rise of populism
and overwhelming socio-cultural conflicts, recently liberal democracy is on the decline. This
process strongly affects the civil sector, which in the 21st century is still considered one of
the main defenders of democracy and human rights. Civil sector also performs a couple
of functions that help them try to monitor the state (watchdog function), protect citizens,
minorities, human rights, environment, animals etc. and provide a normative behavioural
attitude. Nowadays in many countries the activities of civil organizations are restricted,
displaced or terminated. Focusing on those countries where democratic backsliding process
can be clearly observed, this study examines the background and forms of the process by
which civils turned from partners to “enemies” in the last decade.
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