PL EN RU
“Deformed Democracy” Differentia specifica of the Transitional/Hybrid Regime on the Example of the Balkan States – a Sketch of Theoretical and Situational Considerations
 
Подробнее
Скрыть детали
1
Instytut Nauk Politycznych i Stosunków Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w Krakowie
 
 
Дата публикации: 2024-09-20
 
 
Studia Politologiczne 2024;73
 
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА:
СТАТЬЯ:
The purpose of the article was an attempt to answer 4 fundamental questions: of “distorted democracy” and “transitional/hybrid regime” are to each other, secondly; which of the Balkan states are stigmatized by the phenomenon of “distorted democracy” and their political system is assessed as a transitional/hybrid regime, thirdly; whether it is possible to establish a common situational context for these countries that influences the assessment of the democratization of the transforming political systems, fourthly; what are the reasons for this state of affairs. For this purpose, the Freedom House Nations in Tranist Reports from 2021, 2022 and 2023 were analyzed regarding the Balkan countries characterized by a transitional/hybrid regime in alphabetical order: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Serbia. These reports clearly confirm the presence of phenomena that significantly weaken the democratization process of the Balkan countries, which is called “distorted democracy”, which is an inherent feature of transitional/hybrid regimes. The situational context for the analyzed countries is almost the same. There are still problems with the functioning of democratic institutions, compliance with norms and procedures, as well as a lack of acceptance expressed in attitudes and behaviors by both those in power and society.
PEER REVIEW INFORMATION
Article has been screened for originality
 
ЛИТЕРАТУРА (41)
1.
Agh A., The Politics of Central Europe, London–Thousand Oaks–New Delhi 1998.
 
2.
„Albania w 2023 r.: Wybory lokalne i los opozycji” Balkan Insight, 16 stycznia 2023, https://balkaninsight.com/2023... (1.12.2023).
 
3.
Albania Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (1.12.2023).
 
4.
Albania Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (1.12.2023).
 
5.
Albania Freedom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
6.
Antoszewski A., Reżim polityczny, [w:] A.W. Jabłoński, L. Sobkowiak (red.), Studia z teorii polityki, t. 1, Wrocław 1999.
 
7.
Antoszewski A., Współczesne teorie demokracji, Warszawa 2016.
 
8.
Antoszewski A., Demokracja nieliberalna jako projekt polityczny, «Przegląd Europejski» 2018, nr 2.
 
9.
Antwi-Boasiako K.B., Csanyi P. (red.), The Theories of Decentralization and Local Goverment: Implementation, Implications and Realities. A Global Perspective, Nacogdohes 2015.
 
10.
Beentham D., Conditions for Democratic Consolidation, «Review of African Political Economy» 1994, vol. 21, Iss. 60.
 
11.
Boogards M., How to classify hybrid regimes? Defective democracy and electoral authoeitarianism «Democratization» 2009, nr 16(2).
 
12.
Bośnia i Hercegowina Freedom House Nations in Transit 2021, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (2.12.2023).
 
13.
Bośnia i Hercegowina Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (2.12.2023).
 
14.
Bośnia i Hercegowina Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
15.
Brzostek M.G., Europa Środkowo-Wschodnia – między demokracją a autorytaryzmem, «Acta Politica Polonia» 2017, nr 40.
 
16.
Bujwid-Kurek E., States in transformation according to politicology paradigms: selected example, [w:] S. Mladinović, A. Vuković (red.), In honor of profesor Đorđe Tasić: life, works and echoes, Beograde 2023.
 
17.
Carothers T., The End of the Transition Paradigm, «Journal of Democracy» 2002, nr 13(1).
 
18.
Czarnogóra Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2021, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (2.12.2023).
 
19.
Czarnogóra Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (2.12.2023).
 
20.
Czarnogóra Raport Fredom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
21.
Diamond L., Developing Democracy. Twards Consolidation, Baltimore 1999.
 
22.
Diamond L., Plattner M., Chu Y., Tien H. (red.), Consolidating Third Wave Democracies. Themes and Persspectives, Baltiomore 1997.
 
23.
Epstein D., Bates R., Goldstone J., Kristensen J., O’Halloran S., Democratic Transitions, «American Journal of Political Science» 2006, nr 50(3).
 
24.
Kosowo Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2021, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (5.12.2023).
 
25.
Kosowo Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (5.12.2023).
 
26.
Kosowo Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
27.
Levitsky S., Way L., Competitive autoritarianism:Hybryd regimes after the Cold War, New York 2010.
 
28.
Lewitsky S., Way L.A., The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism, «Journal of Democracy» 2002, t. 13, nr 2.
 
29.
Linz J., Stpen A., Problems of Democratic Tranistion and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore 1996.
 
30.
Macedonia Północna Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2021, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (3.12.2023).
 
31.
Macedonia Północna Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (3.12.2023).
 
32.
Macedonia Północna Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
33.
Mikucka-Wójtowicz D., Transformacja ustrojowa w państwach Europy Środkowej i Południowo-Wschodniej – geneza, uwarunkowania, przebieg procesu. Uwagi teoretyczne, [w:] E. Bujwid-Kurek, D. Mikucka-Wójtowicz (red.), Transformacja ustroju politycznego wybranych państw Europy Środkowej i Południowo-Wschodniej, Kraków 2015.
 
34.
Morlino L., Changes for Democracy. Astors, Structures, Processes, New York 2011.
 
35.
Prokop M., Typologia reżimów hybrydalnych. Ujęcie teoretyczno-metodologiczne, «Historia i Polityka» 2017, vol. 21(28).
 
36.
Serbia Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2021, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (4.12.2023).
 
37.
Serbia Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2022, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (4.12.2023).
 
38.
Serbia Raport Freedom House Nations in Transit 2023, https://freedomhouse.org/count... (23.11.2023).
 
39.
Szymański A., Podejścia teoretyczne do badania demokratyzacji i autokratyzacji na poziomie lokalnym i regionalnym, «Polityka i Społeczeństwo» 2020, nr 2(18).
 
40.
Wojnicki J., Autorytarne tendencje w państwach postjugosłowiańskich, «Studia Politologiczme» 2018, vol. 47.
 
41.
Wojtaszczyk K.A., Stawarz P., Wiszniewska-Grzelak J. (red.), Zmierzch demokracji liberalnej?, Warszawa 2018.
 
ISSN:1640-8888
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top